Bicol remains the largest commercial producer of pili fruit products in the country. Despite being considered as the flag-ship product of the region, laborious traditional methods in pili fruit processing are still employed. Specifically, the most time consuming, laborious and risky among these processes is “pagtilad” or the extraction of pili nut kernels – which has the highest economic value. Hence, this study designed, fabricated and evaluated the compression-type pili nut cracker using varying speeds (6, 8, and 10 rpm) and material sizes (small, medium, large, and assorted). The 139 kg machine, which could be operated by a single person, is of metal construction. The cracking machine performed best using medium and large material sizes at 10 rpm. The highest input efficiency (100%) was obtained using assorted material size at 8 rpm. Meanwhile, the highest cracking capacity (77 pcs min-1) was obtained using medium material size at 10 rpm. However, the highest cracking efficiency (87.33%) was obtained using large material size at 6 rpm. Moreover, the highest whole kernel recovery (85%) was obtained using small material size at 10 rpm. ANOVA revealed that varying speeds and material sizes had significant effects on input efficiency and cracking capacity. Also, it was revealed that cracking efficiency and whole kernel recovery are not affected by varying speeds. The total fabrication cost of the machine amounted to Php 78,907.20. The machine capacity ranges from 43 to 77 pcs min-1 (or 21-38 kg hr-1) while traditional processing only processes an average of 46 pcs min-1 (or 23 kg hr-1).
cracking, compression-type, pili nut, processing, whole kernel
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