Abstract
Ethical practices as viewed on the three ethics approaches can drive leader and employee involvement in sustainability-related behaviors. This study sought to determine the ethical practices of employees and leaders of a state university in the province of Laguna Philippines as well as the institution’s sustainability. Descriptive research was conducted through a survey administered to sixty-six (66) faculty members. The study also investigated if there are differences in the ethical practices of the leaders and employees when grouped according to profile factors as well as looked into the relationship between ethical practices and organization sustainability. The study revealed that the leaders and employees highly put into action the ethical practices in relation to Kantian, Virtue, and Care Ethics. Moreover, the level of sustainability exercised by the institution in terms of its contribution to society and the environment is perceived to be highly practiced. Furthermore, it was concluded that there is no significant difference in the ethical practices of the leaders as perceived by the faculty members. A significant relationship between ethical practices and organizational sustainability was established. As such, continuous review of the ethical code of conduct and laying down of procedures in carrying out ethical issues are emphasized by the results.
Keywords: ethical practices, organizational sustainability, Kantian, Virtue, Care
References
Akua, A.A and Arthur, C. (2015) Gender Discrimination in the Workplace: A Study of Worker’s Participation in Higher Education Management
Becker, C. U. (2019). Business Ethics Methods and Application. Taylor and Francis Group. USA
Boje, D. M (2008). Critical Theory Ethics for Business and Public Administration. Information Age Publishing. Charlotte.
Carmeli, A. Brammer, S., Gomes, E. & Tarba, S. Y. (2017). An organizational ethic of care and employee involvement in sustainability-related behaviors: A social identity perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2185
Catuby, C. S. (2017). Teaching Profession and Ethical Practices as Perceived by the Graduate School Students. Asia Pacific Journal of Contemporary Education and Communication Technology (APJCECT). 3(1).
CIPD Asia Ltd. (2021). Ethical practice and the role of people professionals. https://www.cipd.asia/knowledge/factsheets/business-ethics#gref
Ciulla, J. B. (2009). Leadership and the Ethics of Care. Journal of Business Ethics 88(3–4). DOI 10.1007/s10551-009-0105-1
Commission on Environment and Development (1987). World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Report). 1987. Available from: http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/ eae/Sustainability/Older/Brundtland_Report.html
Constantinescu, M. & Kaptein, M. (2021). Virtue and Virtuousness in Organizations: Guidelines for Ascribing Individual and Organizational Moral Responsibility. Business Ethics A European Review 00,1-17. DOI:10.1111/beer.12373
Dalvi, M.G., Rambabu, P., Murthy, N.N., & Singh, A. (2019). Business Sustainability – A Study of Most Sustainable Corporations. Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 8(2), 130. DOI:10.5296/emsd.v8i2.14790
Donaldson, T., Werhane, P.H., and Cording, M. (2002). Ethical Issues in Business: a philosophical approach. 7th. edn. New Jersey.
Galbraith, K. L. (2014). Practical and Ethical Considerations for using social media in Community Consultation and Public Activities.
Ghere, Richard K., “Thin vs. Thick Morality: Ethics and Gender in International Development Programs” (2015). Political Science Faculty Publications. 28. https://ecommons.udayton.edu/pol_fac_pub/28
Grigoropoulos, J. E., (2019). The Role of Ethics in 21st Century Organizations. International Journal of Progressive Education. 15, 2.
Hamington M. & Sander-Staudt, M. (2011). Applying Care Ethics to Business. Issues in Business Ethics, 34. DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9307-3
Jackson, K.T. (2018). ‘Interpreting the virtues of mindfulness and compassion: contemplative practices and virtue-oriented business ethics’. Humanistic Management Journal, 3, 47–69.
Kahn, M. (1995). Concepts, definitions, and key issues in sustainable development: the outlook for the future. Proceedings of the 1995 International Sustainable Development Research Conference, Manchester, England,
Ken Batterfield & Nathan Neale (2015). Moral Repair in the Workplace: A Qualitative Investigation and Inductive Model. J Bus Ethics 138, 17–37 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2593-5
Lashley, C. (2016). Business ethics and sustainability. Research in Hospitality Management, 6(1), 1-7. DOI: 10.2989/RHM.2016.6.1.1.1289
Lee, L. Y. & Tsang, N.K.F., (2013). Perceptions of Tourism and Hotel Management Students on Ethics in the Workplace. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 13:3, 228-250, DOI: 10.1080/15313220.2013.813323
Luxton, D. D. (2016). Artificial Intelligence in Behavioral and Mental Health Care. Academic Press, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420248-1.00012-X.
Manuel Guillen Ignacio & W. Michael Hoffman (2014). The Neglected Ethical and Spiritual Motivations in the Workplace. J Bus Ethics 128, 803–816 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1985-7
McKenzie, S. (2004). Social Sustainability: Towards Some Definitions. Hawke Research Institute Working Paper Series 27
Meglich, P., (2015). Virtue Ethics in Employee Relations. In: Sison, A., Beabout, G., Ferrero, I. (eds) Handbook of Virtue Ethics in Business and Management. International Handbooks in Business Ethics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6510-8_72
Morelli, J. (2011). Environmental Sustainability: A Definition for Environmental Professionals. Journal of Environmental Sustainability 1(1), 2.
NASSP (2022). Ethics for School Leaders, National Association of Secondary School Principal, Available [Online] www.nassp.org, Access Date, 02 December 2021.
Nicolaides, A. (2017). Ethical Practices, Eco-centric Business and Environmental Sustainability. Journal of human ecology 57(1-2), 1-10. DOI:10.1080/09709274.2017.1311649
Paliwal, M. (2006). Business ethics. New Age International. Retrieved from https://ebookcentralproquest-com.acg.idm.oclc.org
Reamer, F.G. (2016). Eye on Ethics. Great Valley Publishing Company. https://www.socialworktoday.com/news/eoe_0916.shtml
Salahudin, S.N., bin Alwia, M. N. R., binti Baharuddina, S.S., & binti Halimata, S.S., (2016). The Relationship between Work Ethics and Job Performance. 3rd International Conference on Business and Economics
Smit, B., & Scherman, V. (2016). A case for relational leadership and an ethics of care for counteracting bullying at schools. South African Journal of Education, 36(4). doi: 10.15700/saje.v36n4a1312
Sphera’s Editorial Team, (2020). What Is Environmental Sustainability? https://sphera.com/glossary/what-is-environmental-sustainability/
Ukeme, O. S., Nwuche, C.A. & Anyanwu, S.A.C. (2018). Ethical practices and organizational sustainability in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. International Journal of Advanced Academic Research Social & Management Sciences. 4(6)
Vargas-Hernández, J.G. (2021). Strategic Organizational Sustainability. Circ.Econ.Sust. 1, 457–476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-020-00003-y
Vikaraman, S.S., Mansor, A.N., Nor, M.Y.M., Alias, B.S., & Gurusamy, V. (2021). Ethical Leadership Practices and Trust Among Public School Leaders in Malaysia. Asian Journal of University Education (AJUE), 17(3). https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v17i3.14509
Waheed, A. & Zhang, Q. (2020). Effect of CSR and Ethical Practices on Sustainable Competitive Performance: A Case of Emerging Markets from Stakeholder Theory Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics.
Wittmer, D., & O’Brien, K. (2014). The Virtue of “Virtue Ethics” in Business and Business Education. Journal of Business Ethics Education, 11.
Woldu, G. (2019). Unpacking research ethical standards and practices in academic institutions: a case of University from Ethiopia. Cogent Social Sciences, 5:1, DOI: 10.1080/23311886.2019.1633776
YounkinsE.W., (2012). Objectivist Virtue Ethics in Business. http://www.quebecoislibre.org/12/120515-8.html
