Between rights and time limits: A critical study of expiration in grants exceeding one-third from the perspective of justice and legal certainty

Nadzirotus Sintya Falady, Iwan Permadi, & M. Hamidi Masykur

Volume 5 Issue 2, June 2025

Abstract

This study examines the incomplete norms in Article 210 of the Compilation of Islamic Law, which caps grants at one-third of total assets but lacks provisions on the legal consequences of exceeding this limit. This ambiguity creates a conflict between justice and legal certainty, particularly when grant annulment lawsuits arise after a long period and encounter expiration exceptions. In this case, there is a contradiction between the legal objective of providing certainty and justice, whether priority should be given to annulling grants that exceed the prescribed limit or to legal certainty regarding the time limit for filing lawsuits. The goal of this research is to delve into the idea of expiration in grants that surpass one-third, focusing on the principles of legal clarity and fairness. The study utilized a normative juridical research method, focusing on statutory and conceptual analysis. The results of the investigation indicate that Article 210 of the Compilation of Islamic Law does not fully address the outcomes of grants surpassing one-third. Furthermore, when an exception of expiration is raised in a grant lawsuit, the study argues that the case should not be immediately declared inadmissible (N.O.). Instead, the court must first examine whether the plaintiff was aware of the grant. If it is proven that the grant was only recently discovered, the claim should be accepted to achieve justice for the heirs. Likewise, Article 210's regulation on grants should be refined to explicitly define the legal consequences of exceeding the one-third limit, thereby ensuring legal certainty.

Keywords

Author information & Contribution

Nadzirotus Sintya Falady. Corresponding author. Brawijaya University, Indonesia. Email: sintyafalady@gmail.com

Iwan Permadi. Brawijaya University, Indonesia.

M. Hamidi Masykur. Brawijaya University, Indonesia.

"Nadzirotus Sintya Falady conceptualized and finalized the research framework. Iwan Permadi, drafted and revised the manuscript. M. Hamidi Masykur, analyzed and interpreted the data. All authors contributed to the writing of the final version of the manuscript."

Disclosure statement

Funding

Institutional Review Board Statement

Data and Materials Availability

AI Declaration

Notes

Acknowledgement

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Cite this article:

Falady, N.S., Permadi, I. & Masykur, M.H. (2025). Between rights and time limits: A critical study of expiration in grants exceeding one-third from the perspective of justice and legal certainty. International Review of Social Sciences Research, 5(2), 246-260. https://doi.org/10.53378/irssr.353208