Food Security and Coping Strategies of Ata-Manobo Tribe: An Inquiry
Hannah Kem M. Bondaon, Jerrylyn E. Caduyac, Nenia Joy R. Datoy & Sharlyn B. Torotoro
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences and strategies of the Ata-Manobo tribe on food security. The study used a qualitative type of research, specifically a phenomenological approach. This was conducted at Feeder Road 5, Barangay Tibal-og, Santo Tomas, and Davao del Norte in the Philippines. It was confined to the in-depth interviews and focus group discussions of the fourteen Ata-Manobo adults. The findings of this study revealed that they were food insecure and mentally and emotionally unstable, and that this had affected them financially. However, the majority of them continued to utilize subsistence farming—crops that serve as both a food source and a source of nutrients. There were two limitations considered in this qualitative study: language barriers and financial barriers. First, there are language barriers since the participants of this study were from the Ata-Manobo tribe, and the terms being used need to be given meaning in layman's terms. The researchers had to provide the right definition and confirm the terms with the tribal chieftains and IPMRs. Secondly, financial barriers exist since the study needs to request a Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) in order to comply with the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) Law, and the researchers have to shoulder the expenses from the FPIC process up to the validation of the results. The insights generated in this study could lead to the development of effective outreach activities and a food security program.
Keywords
Ata-manobo tribe, food security, subsistence farming, food insecurity, indigenous knowledge
Author information & Contribution
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Funding
This work was not supported by any funding.
Declaration
Notes
This paper is presented in 3rd International Research Competitions 2023
Acknowledgement
References
Abbadia, J. (2022, September 13). Funding for Research — Why, Types of Funding, When, and How? Mind the Graph. https://mindthegraph.com/blog/funding-for-research/
Akyıldız, S. T., & Ahmed, K. H. (2021). An overview of qualitative research and focus group discussion. International Journal of Academic Research in Education, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.17985/ijare.866762
Alhazmi, A. A., & Kaufmann, A. (2022). Phenomenological qualitative methods applied to the analysis of Cross-Cultural experience in novel educational social contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.785134
Arifin, S. R. M. (2018). Ethical considerations in qualitative study. International Journal of Care Scholars, 1(2), 30–33. https://doi.org/10.31436/ijcs.v1i2.82
BA, R. Q. (2022, March 15). Fostering Ethical Research in Contexts with Nuanced Vulnerability: Investigators Bearing the Burdens of Research to Maximize Benefits for Participants. Teachers College – Columbia University. https://www.tc.columbia.edu/institutional-review-board/irb-blog/2022/investigators-bearing-the-burdens-of-research-/
Barrett, D., & Twycross, A. (2018). Data collection in qualitative research. Evidence-Based Nursing, 21(3), 63–64. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2018-102939
Bhandari, P. (2023, June 22). What is qualitative research? Methods & Examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-research/
Bhat, A. (2023, October 12). In-depth Interviews: Definition and how to conduct them. QuestionPro. https://www.questionpro.com/blog/in-depth-interviews/
Bonyadi, A. (2023). Phenomenology as a research methodology in teaching English as a foreign language. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-022-00184-z
Buenavista, D. P., Mollee, E., & McDonald, M. (2022). Any alternatives to rice? Ethnobotanical insights into the dietary use of edible plants by the Higaonon tribe in Bukidnon Province, the Philippines. Regional Sustainability, 3(2), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsus.2022.04.002
Busetto, L., Wick, W., & Gumbinger, C. (2020). How to use and assess qualitative research methods. Neurological Research and Practice, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-020-00059-z
Carcary, M. (2021). The Research Audit Trail: Methodological Guidance for Application in Practice. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.34190/jbrm.18.2.008
Consultores, B. (2021, May 16). Transferability in quantitative research. Online Thesis. https://online-tesis.com/en/transferability-in-quantitative-research/
Crossman, A. (2020, February 2). An overview of qualitative research methods. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/qualitative-research-methods-3026555
Delve. Ho, L., & Limpaecher, A. (2022, March 17). What is Phenomenological Research Design? Essential Guide to Coding Qualitative Data. https://delvetool.com/blog/phenomenology
FAO and Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT (2021). Indigenous Peoples’ food systems: Insights on sustainability and resilience in the front line of climate change. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5131en
George, T. (2023, June 22). What is a focus group? Step-by-Step Guide & examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/focus-group/
Holland, HM and Linvill, JS. Important considerations for protecting human research participants, Dimensions of Discovery July–August 2019. Purdue University. Accessed July 3, 2023. https://www.purdue.edu/research/dimensions/important-considerations-for-protecting-human-research-participants/
Houston, K. (2023, November 28). Qualitative data-collection methods. The Jotform Blog. https://www.jotform.com/blog/qualitative-data-collection-methods/
Janis, I. (2022). Strategies for Establishing Dependability between Two Qualitative Intrinsic Case Studies: A Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Field Methods, 34(3), 240-255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X211069636
Krause, H., Fasse, A. & Grote, U. (2019). Welfare and food security effects of commercializing African indigenous vegetables in Kenya. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2019.1700031
Kuhnlein, H. V., & Chotiboriboon, S. (2022). Why and How to Strengthen Indigenous Peoples’ Food Systems With Examples From Two Unique Indigenous Communities. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.808670
Makondo, C. C., & Thomas, D. S. (2018). Climate change adaptation: Linking indigenous knowledge with western science for effective adaptation. Environmental Science & Policy, 88, 83–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.06.014
Masekoameng, M.R. & Molotja, M.C. (2019). The role of indigenous foods and indigenous knowledge systems for rural households’ food security in Sekhukhune district, Limpopo province. South Africa. Journal of Consumer Sciences. 4. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jfecs/article/view/191563
Misaki, O. (2017). Language Barriers. Retrieved (September 11th, 2022) from: https://www.nagano-c.ed.jp/someyahs/ics/tokusyoku-ics/2017%20oimisakiLanguage%20Barrier%20FORMAL.pdf
Mubaiwa, J., Fogliano, V., Chidewe, C., & Linnemann, A. (2016). Hard-to-cook phenomenon in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea(L.) Verdc.) processing: Options to improve its role in providing food security. Food Reviews International, 33(2), 167–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2016.1149864
Nyumba, T. O., Wilson, K. A., Derrick, C. J., & Mukherjee, N. (2018). The use of focus group discussion methodology: Insights from two decades of application in conservation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 9(1), 20–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12860
Oritsejafor, E.O. (2022). Indigenous Knowledge: An Alternative for Food Security and Wellness in Africa. Rowman & Littlefield.
Ravindran, V. (2019). Data analysis in qualitative research. Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education, 20(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcn.ijcn_1_19
Ribot, J., & Peluso, N. L. (2003). A theory of access. Rural Sociology, 68(2), 153–181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.2003.tb00133.x
Rutledge, P., & Hogg, J. L. (2020). In‐Depth interviews. The International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0019
Sen, A. (1983). Poverty and Famines: an essay on entitlement and deprivation. Economica, 50(197), 104. https://doi.org/10.2307/2554131
Shayanowako, A., Morrissey, O., Tanzi, A. S., Muchuweti, M., Mendiondo, G. M., Mayes, S., Modi, A. T., & Mabhaudhi, T. (2021). African leafy vegetables for Improved human nutrition and food system resilience in Southern Africa: A scoping review. Sustainability, 13(5), 2896. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052896
Simelane, K. S., & Worth, S. (2020). Food and Nutrition Security Theory. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 41(3), 367–379. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572120925341
Stenfors, T., Kajamaa, A., & Bennett, D. (2020). How to assess the quality of qualitative research. The Clinical Teacher, 17(6), 596–599. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13242
Swiderska, K. & Ryan, P. (2020). Indigenous Peoples’ food systems hold the key to feeding humanity. International Institute for Environment and Development. https://www.iied.org/indigenous-peoples-food-systems-hold-key-feeding-humanity
Cite this article:
Bondaon, H.M., Caduyac, J.E., Datoy, N.R. & Torotoro, S.B. (2023). Food Security and Coping Strategies of Ata-Manobo Tribe: An Inquiry. The Research Probe, 3(1), 28-35.
License:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) International License.
Find this article in:
Most read articles in this journal
- Senior High School Strand Alignment and Its Implication to The Tertiary Programs: A Basis for Bridging Program
- Humor as a Teaching and Learning Strategy in a Language Classroom
- Digital Marketing Strategies Used by Competing Coffee Shops in Candelaria, Quezon: Perspective of Employees
- Community of Practice and Themes of School Learning Action Cell Towards Better Teachers’ Performances
- Lived experiences of street food vendors amidst the phase of pandemic recovery
- Level of satisfaction on the security services of a state university: Basis for continuous improvement
- Effects of Peer-Assisted Learning Activities on the Academic Skills of Accounting Students
- Political Colors: Representation of the Political Situation on Selected Editorial Cartoons
- Food safety knowledge and hygiene practices among street vendors
- The impact of street food handling on customer satisfaction