Deepfakes, of prey? Precursors and eclipses to the macrocosm Philippine politics
Carie Justine P. Estrellado, Glen B. Millar, Frederick I. Rey & Myla M. Arcinas
Abstract
In the age of disinformation disorder, where a waning in public trust necessitates heightened critical examination of content, deepfakes could further complicate responsive orientations as a contentious mimesis card in political playbook. Grounding on Jean Baudrillard’s concept of hyperreality, this paper first briefly examines how these precursors have filled an environment where simulations and simulacra replace authentic experience. Then, through the lens of Habermasian critical theory, it examines how deepfakes “eclipse” the possibility of genuine communicative action. This paper synthesizes that the integrity of public discourse is not an isolated occurrence but rather the culmination of existing gambits and practices from the Philippine political substratum. A priori, one can understand that waiting for a generation to become fully educated on the dangers of deepfakes will take too long, making immediate regulatory intervention essential. Relying solely on media literacy initiatives assumes that Filipinos possess the capacity for sustained critical engagement, yet history shows how political propaganda, sensationalism, and disinformation easily sway public opinion. This vulnerability is exacerbated by the digital ecosystem, where political trolling and echo chambers reinforce manufactured narratives. If traditional propaganda has already distorted perception, deepfakes present an amplified threat, inflating political deception and complicating electoral decision-making. However, given existing political dynamics, the swift implementation and effectiveness of state regulation remains a critical question.
Keywords
deepfakes, deepfake technology, Artificial Intelligence, Philippine politics, hyperrealism, critical theory
Author information & Contribution
Carie Justine P. Estrellado. Corresponding author. Researcher, Tayabas Western Academy. Email: cjpe.twa@gmail.com.
Glen B. Millar. Associate Professor, University of Batangas, Lipa Campus
Frederick I. Rey. Associate Professor & Political Sociologist, Researcher Lead & Coordinator, Research Center for Social Sciences and Education, University of Santo Tomas.
Myla M. Arcinas. Associate Professor, Department of Sociology and Behavioral Sciences, De La Salle University.
"All authors equally contributed to the conception, design, preparation, data gathering and analysis, and writing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Funding
This work was fully funded by the Tayabas Western Academy, Quezon, Philippines. The authors acknowledge the support from its Research and Extension Center, led by Director Mark Vincent P. Aranas, and with the approval of school President Mr. Orlando B. Montecillo.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not Applicable
AI Declaration
The authors declare that Grammarly AI was employed to assist with the formatting of the references in this work.
Notes
Acknowledgement
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Cite this article:
Estrellado, C.J.P., Millar, G.B., Rey, F.I. & Arcinas, M.M. (2025). Deepfakes, of prey? Precursors and eclipses to the macrocosm Philippine politics. International Review of Social Sciences Research, 5(3), 26-53. https://doi.org/10.53378/irssr.353234
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