Job satisfaction and teacher retention are critical factors affecting the overall quality of education (Cuervo, 2025; Sulaimi & Jantan, 2024; Ortan et al., 2021). In a rapidly changing educational environment, many schools face challenges in retaining their most effective teachers (Morton & Maresh, 2024; Liu & Li, 2025), which is a significant concern because experienced educators play a vital role in student success. One of the primary reasons teachers leave the profession is the lack of appreciation and support within their workplace (Martinsone et al., 2024; Pressley et al., 2026; Straková & Simonová, 2024). The overall school environment, commonly referred to as school culture, greatly influences how teachers perceive their work and whether they choose to remain in their positions or seek opportunities elsewhere (Arnoco & Prado, 2025). Teachers who experience strong institutional support tend to be more productive and are more likely to stay in their schools.

A positive and supportive school culture is strongly associated with higher levels of teacher retention and job satisfaction. According to Lanns-Isaac (2024), effective school management and the clear communication of organizational goals are essential in fostering a culture that encourages teachers to remain in the profession. When school leaders demonstrate genuine care, implement programs that address teachers’ needs, and promote collaboration among staff, teachers feel valued and connected to their institutions. Likewise, Toropova et al. (2021) emphasize the importance of positive staff relationships where supportive interactions among colleagues contribute significantly to teachers’ workplace satisfaction and commitment. A supportive school culture characterized by strong leadership, effective communication, collegial relationships, and institutional support plays a crucial role in enhancing teacher retention and overall job satisfaction (Lanns-Isaac, 2024; Toropova et al., 2021; Arnoco & Prado, 2025).