Pupils’ reading comprehension: Basis for the development of reading instructional material
Kendra I. Tabanera & Rebecca T. Barrios
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the reading comprehension among the grade 4 pupils in an integrated school in the District of Tangalan, Philippines. The result of the study was the basis on the development of an instructional reading material during the School Year 2023-2024. The design based research was used in this study using IPO model. The participants were the 66 grade 4 pupils and 10 teacher experts. Reading Comprehension Test and Learning Material Evaluation Tool were the data gathering instruments. The data were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential data analysis. The reading comprehension in English of grade 4 pupils is “low”. Based on the result of the study, an instructional material was developed offering a variety of engaging activities, including word boxes, missing letter challenges, collaborative group activities, reading experiences, interactive games, and visual aids for descriptive analysis. The level of acceptability of the developed instructional material for grade 4 was “very highly acceptable” as to content, instructional quality, prints, design and layouts. The level of reading comprehension of grade 4 pupils before the intervention were “low” and after using the developed instructional material, it became “moderate”. Hence, there is a significant difference on the reading comprehension of grade 4 pupils before and after using the instructional material.
Keywords
reading instructional material, pupil’s reading comprehension, level of acceptability, learning competency
Author information & Contribution
Kendra I. Tabanera. Corresponding author. Master of Arts in Education Major in Educational Management, Teacher III, Northwestern Visayan Colleges. Email: kendra.tabanera@deped.gov.ph
Rebecca T. Barrios. Doctor of Education, Vice President for Academic Affairs, Northwestern Visayan Colleges.
“All authors equally contributed to the conception, design, preparation, data gathering and analysis, and writing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Funding
This work was not supported by any funding.
AI Declaration
Notes
This paper is presented in 5th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Industry and Academic Research (ICMIAR)-2024
Acknowledgement
References
Adepoju, O. A., Olusola, J. O., & Obadiora, O. D. (2020). The use of instructional materials by teachers in Nigerian primary schools during English reading comprehension lessons. Educational Research Journal, 29(4), 289-302.
Baier, R.J. (2008). Reading Comprehension and Reading Strategies. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/5066651.pdf
Baier, R. J. (2008). The effect of reading comprehension strategies on student performance. Journal of Educational Research, 57(3), 345-362.
Cain, K. (2005). Individual differences in the inference of word meanings from context: The influence of reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, and memory capacity.
Cain, K., & Oakhill, J. (2006). Profiles of children with specific reading comprehension difficulties. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(4), 683-696. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709905X67654
Cain, K., Oakhill, J., & Bryant, P. (2014). Children’s reading comprehension ability: Concurrent prediction by working memory, verbal ability, and component skills. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(1), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.1.31
Chall, J. S., & Jacobs, V. A. (2003). The importance of automaticity in reading comprehension. In B. K. Britton & A. Woodward (Eds.), Reading for meaning (pp. 45-62). Academic Press.
Coiro, J. (2007). Exploring the intersection of online reading comprehension and literacy. Reading Research Quarterly, 42(2), 131-154. https://doi.org/10.1598/RRQ.42.2.2
Coiro, J., & Dobler, E. (2007). Exploring the online comprehension strategies used by sixth-grade skilled readers to search for and locate information on the Internet. https://www.academia.edu/181830/Coiro_J._and_Dobler_E._2007_._Exploring_the_online_comprehension_strategies_used_by_sixtgrade_skilled_readers_to_search_for_and_locate_information_on_the_Internet._Reading_Research_Quarterly_42_214-257
Dariagan, A. (2015). Understanding reading comprehension: A cognitive perspective. Philippine Journal of Linguistics, 34(2), 205-218.
Fernandez (2017). National reading skills assessment to continue this year. Retrieved from http://www.philstar.com/education-and-home/2012/09/20/850895/deped-national-reading-skills-assessment-continue-year
Goff, J. D. (2005). Memory and reading comprehension in middle primary school children. Journal of Cognitive Development, 6(4), 123-145.
Idulog, M. V., Gadiano, R., Toledo, E., Hermosada, M., Casaldon, H., Mariposa, M., Geron, C., Dequito, E., Genanda, J., Malipot, M. A., Pentang, J., & Bautista, R. (2023). Filipino students’ reading abilities: A note on the challenges and potential areas for improvement. International Journal of Education and Teaching Zone, 2(2), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.57092/ijetz.v2i2.128
Idulog, S., Santos, M. C., & Rivera, J. L. (2023). The reading abilities of Filipino students: Challenges and recommendations. Journal of Philippine Education, 52(1), 21-33.
Imperial, R. (2012). Early reading acquisition and its relation to reading experience and ability 10 years later. Dev. Psychol., 33, 934–945. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.33.6.934
Leisure Reading. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.reading.org/Libraries/position-statements-and-resolutions/ps1082_leisure_reading.pdf.
McGeown, S. (2017). The role of motivation in children’s reading development. Educational Psychology Review, 29(4), 571-589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-017-9412-6
Moore, J., & Cahill, D. (2016). Enhancing reading through extracurricular activities: The role of reading gardens. International Journal of Literacy Development, 3(2), 45-60.
Perfetti, C. (2000). Reading ability and its relationship to comprehension: The Matthew Effect. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(5), 78-90. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.77.5.78
Pineda, R. (2014). Developing reading skills in secondary education. Teaching and Learning Journal, 12(3), 199-212.
Salengga, H. G. S., & Baltazar, L. M. A. (2022). Instructional material to enhance the reading comprehension of Grade 10 students through viewing. ANI Research Report. https://ejournals.ph/article.php?id=18906
Salengga, M., & Baltazar, T. (2022). Interactive story mapping devices: Enhancing Grade 10 reading comprehension in world literature. Philippine Journal of Educational Technology, 18(1), 15-28.
Stanovich, K. E. (2000). Progress in understanding reading: Scientific foundations and new frontiers. Guilford Press.
Tuimur, H. N., & Chemwei, B. (2015). Availability and use of instructional materials in the teaching of conflict and conflict resolution in primary schools in Nandi North District, Kenya. International Journal of Education and Practice, 3(6), 224-234. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.61/2015.3.6/61.6.224.234
Wahab, N. (2018). The effect of reading teaching material for different learning in improving students’ reading comprehension. Jurnal Bahasa Lingua Scientai, 10(2), 215.
Wang, et al. (2020). Front. Psychol., 27 October 2020 Sec. Educational Psychology Volume 11 – 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.586346
West, K. C. a. R. E. (2017, January 1). The development of design-based research. Pressbooks. https://pressbooks.pub/lidtfoundations/chapter/design-based-research/
Cite this article:
Tabanera, K.I. & Barrios, R.T. (2024). Pupils’ reading comprehension: Basis for the development of reading instructional material. Industry and Academic Research Review, 2(1), 212-217. https://doi.org/10.53378/iarr.924.130
License:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) International License.
Most read articles
- Senior High School Strand Alignment and Its Implication to The Tertiary Programs: A Basis for Bridging Program
- Reading Comprehension Difficulties Among Junior High School Learners
- Difficulties in the writing skills of Grade 11 HUMSS students
- Identifying gender stereotypes of high school LGBTQ students
- Lived experiences of senior high school focal persons in the implementation of work immersion program
- Factors Influencing Reading Comprehension and Difficulties Among Intermediate Learners: Basis For Developing Remedial Reading Intervention
- Disaster risk reduction and management on earthquake preparedness: An assessment
- Digital Marketing Strategies Used by Competing Coffee Shops in Candelaria, Quezon: Perspective of Employees
- Analysis of school rules and regulation implementation: Basis for policy enhancement program
- Technical vocational students’ higher learning institution preference and level of academic and skills preparedness