Authentic assessment brings a new dimension to assessment where learning and assessment are linked to genuine workplace environments. In this assessment, students apply knowledge and skills to solve real and felt workplace problems. Underpinned by the connectivism learning theory, this qualitative study examined students' authentic assessment experiences in an online course. It focused on the type of authentic assessment, benefits, and challenges encountered by the students during the course. The study followed a qualitative case study research design taking the short course on online teaching for educators as a case. Data were collected from twelve purposively selected participants through an open-ended questionnaire administered online, which served as a course evaluation instrument. The thematic analysis was employed to analyse data. The study found that course participants were exposed to different and multifaceted authentic assessments related to developing knowledge and skills in online teaching. The participants derived numerous benefits from authentic assessment activities, though they also encountered some challenges. The study concludes that authentic assessment should be entrenched in online professional development courses. The results are potential inputs to curriculum development that can inform the design and implementation of online professional development courses.
authentic assessment, online learning, online course, pedagogy, technology
Cosmas Maphosa. Corresponding author. Professor and Director, Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Eswatini. Email: babakuzi20@gmail.com
Eunice Khetsiwe Mthethwa-Kunene. Senior Lecturer & Coordinator- Research and Evaluation, Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Eswatini
Talent Rugube. Senior Lecturer & Coordinator – Multimedia, Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Eswatini
Patience Samukelisiwe Dlamini. Senior Lecturer & Programme Coordinator, Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Eswatini
Baartman, L., & Gulikers, J. (2017). Assessment in Dutch vocational education: Overview and tensions of the past 15 years. In E. Bruijn, S. Billett, & J. Onstenk (Eds.), Enhancing teaching and learning in the Dutch vocational education system (pp. 245–266). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58010-0_13
Bardach, L., Robert M., Klassen, R. M., Durksen, T.L., Rushby, J. V., Bostwick, K. C, P. & Sheridan, L. (2021). The power of feedback and reflection: Testing an online scenario-based learning intervention for student teachers. Computers & education, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104194
Borthwick, A., & Hansen, R. (2017). Digital literacy in teacher education. Are teacher educators competent? Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 33(2), 46–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/21532974.2017.1291249
Chabeli, M., Nolte, A & Ndawo, G. (2021). Authentic Learning: A Concept Analysis. Global Journal of Health Science, 13(4), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v13n4p12
Chang, B. (2019). Reflection in learning. Online Learning, 23(1), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v23i1.144
Chiu, T. K. (2022). Applying the self-determination theory (SDT) to explain student engagement in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 54(sup1), S14-S30. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2021.1891998
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2013). Research methods in education. London: Routledge.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Denzin, N. K., Lincoln, Y. S., MacLure, M., Otterstad, A. M., Torrance, H., Cannella, G. S., & McTier, T. (2017). Critical qualitative methodologies: Reconceptualisations and emergent construction. International Review of Qualitative Research, 10(4), 482-498. https://doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2017.10.4.482
Dhawan, S. (2020). Online learning: A panacea in the time of COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 49(1), 5–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239520934018
Fox, J., Hughes, S., & Murphy, V. (2017). A review of the benefits, challenges and steps towards implementing authentic assessment. AISHE-J, 9(3), 3231–3243. https://doi.org/10.22554/aishe-j.v9i3.323
Gunasekaraa, C. & Gerts, C. (2017). Enabling authentic assessment: the essential role of information literacy. Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association, 66(4), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2017.1399014
Hashem A. A. (2018). The effectiveness of using online blogging for students’ individual and group writing. International Education Studies, 11(1), 44 – 51. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v11n1p44
Hidayat. F. (2020). Exploring students’ view of using Google Docs in writing class. Journal of English Education and Teaching, 4(2), 184-194. https://doi.org/10.33369/jeet.4.2.184-194
Ishtaiwa, F. F. & Aburezeq, M. I. (2015). The impact of Google Docs on student collaboration: A UAE case study. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 7(1), 85-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2015.07.004
Janssen, J., Stoyanov, S., Ferrari, A., Punie, Y., Pannekeet, K., & Sloep, P. (2013). Experts’ views on digital competence: Commonalities and differences. Computers & Education, 68, 473-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2013.06.008
Karimova, N. U. Q. (2020). Soft Skills Development in Higher Education. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(5): 1916-1925. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080528
Karunanayaka, S. P., & Naidu, S. (2021). Impacts of authentic assessment on the development of graduate attributes. Distance Education, 42(2), 231–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2021.1911622
Kenney, J. (2020). Activities to promote higher-order thinking in virtual asynchronistic chemistry learning. Chem Ed Xchange. https://www.chemedx.org/article/activities-promote-higher-order-thinking-virtual-asynchronistic-chemistry-learning
Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2014). Designing qualitative research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
McArthur, J. (2023). Rethinking authentic assessment: work, well‑being, and society. Higher Education, 85(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-022-00822-y
Messier, N. (2022). Authentic Assessments. Center for the Advancement of Teaching Excellence at the University of Illinois Chicago. https://teaching.uic.edu/resources/teaching-guides/assessment-grading-practices/authentic-assessments/
Mohamad, M., Jamaludin, H., Zawawi, Z. A., & Hanafi, W. N. W. (2018). Determinants influencing employability skills: undergraduate perception. Global Business and Management Research, 10(3), 568. https://doi.org/10.5897/GBMR2018.123
Mohamed, R., & Lebar, O. (2017). Authentic assessment in assessing higher-order thinking skills. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(2), 466–476. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i2/2021
Mueller, J. (2008). The authentic assessment toolbox: Enhancing student learning through online faculty development. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, pp. 1, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.1109/JOLTE.2008.01.01
Mueller, J. (2014). Authentic assessment: More than a test score. Education Week, 33(32), 26–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721714539492
Nieuwoudt, J. (2018). Exploring online interaction and online student participation in an online science subject through the lens of the interaction equivalence theorem. Student Success, 9(4), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v10i1.424
Nguyen, T. H. N., & Nguyen, T. T. H. (2022). Use of Google Docs in teaching and learning english online to improve students’ writing performance. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(2), 186-200. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.22221
Nkhoma, C., Nkhoma, M., & Ky, L. T. (2018). Authentic assessment design in accounting courses: A literature review. Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology Education, 15, 157-190. https://doi.org/10.28945/4036
Page, A. (2022). Using online tools to develop higher-order learning among tertiary students. Online Learning, 26(3), 221–235. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v26i3.2905
Raymond, J. E., Homer, S. E., Smith, R., & Gray, J. E. (2013). Learning through authentic assessment: An evaluation of a new development in the undergraduate midwifery curriculum. Nurse Education in Practice, 13(5), 471–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.12.007
Rotar, O. (2022). Online student support: a framework for embedding support interventions Open Access into the online learning cycle. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 16(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-021-0017804
Sambell, K., & Brown, S. (2021). Covid-19 assessment collection. https://sally-brown.net/kay-sambell-and-sally-brown-covid-19-assessment-collection/
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A., & Bristow, A. (2019). Chapter 4: Understanding research philosophy and approaches to theory development. In Research methods for business students (pp. 128–171). Pearson Education.
Shaw, A. (2019). Authentic assessment in the online classroom. https://ctl.wiley.com/authentic-assessment-in-the-online-classroom
Siemens, G. (2005). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-005-0004-2
Siemens, G., & Downes, S. (2009). Connectivism and connective knowledge. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-009-0201-5
Sotiriadou, P., Logan, D., Daly, A. S., & Guest, R. (2019). The role of authentic assessment is to preserve academic integrity and promote skill development and employability. Studies in Higher Education, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1582015
Spendlove, Z., & Best, R. (2018). Innovation in assessment: Building student confidence in preparation for unfamiliar assessment methods. British Journal of Midwifery, 26(3), 180–184. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2018.26.3.180
Sokhanvar, Z., Salehi, K., & Sokhanvar, F. (2021). Advantages of authentic assessment for improving the learning experience and employability skills of higher education students: A systematic literature review. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 70, 101030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2021.101030
Sutadji, E, Susilo, H., Wibawa, A.P., Jabari, N. A. M., & Rohmad, S. N. (2021). Adaptation strategy of authentic assessment in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 18(10), 1 – 8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1810/1/012059
Swaffield, S. (2011). Getting to the heart of authentic assessment. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policies, and Practices, 18(4), 433–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2011.582969
Webb, J., & Chaffer, C. (2016). The expectation performance gap in accounting education: A review of generic skills development in UK accounting degrees. Accounting Education, 25(4), 349-367. https://doi.org/10.1080/09639284.2016.1200682
Yin, R. K. (2013). Qualitative research from start to finish. New York: Guilford Press Publications.
Zawacki-Richter, O., & Anderson, T. (2014). Online distance education: Towards a research agenda. AU Press.
Cite this article:
Maphosa, C., Mthethwa-Kunene, E.K., Rugube, T. & Dlamini, P.S. (2024). Exploring students’ experiences with authentic assessment in an online learning context. International Journal of Educational Management and Development Studies, 5(3), 145-171. https://doi.org/10.53378/ijemds.353092
License:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) International License.