Institute of Industry and Academic Research Incorporated
Register in
IJEMDS Cover Page
International Journal of Educational Management & Development Studies

ISSN 2719-0633 (Print) 2719-0641 (Online)

ICV: 77.25

h-index: 8

The Effects of Social Networking Sites Needs and Academic Stressors on Academic Motivation of College Students

Junge B. Guillena
Volume 4 Issue 2, June 2023

Abstract

In recent years, social networking sites (SNSs) have experienced a surge in popularity, particularly among college students. These online platforms offer diverse functionalities that facilitate connections with friends and family, information sharing, and resource exchange. This study aimed to determine the effects of SNSs needs and academic stressors on the academic motivation of college students in one private schools in Iligan City, Lanao del Norte, Philippines during the second semester of the academic year 2022-2023. Using a simple random sampling procedure, 511 first, second, and third-year college students participated and responded to the adapted Likert-type instruments assessing the study variables. The result showed that most college students used Facebook, Facebook Messenger, and YouTube daily. It was also revealed that both SNSs and academic stressors positively affect extrinsic motivation. However, only SNSs have a positive impact on intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, academic stressors positively affect amotivation. Hence, educators and school administrators should consider incorporating SNSs to enhance motivation and engagement among college students. Specifically, educators can leverage the features of SNSs to promote collaboration, communication, and information sharing among students. Additionally, educators may consider designing academic activities encouraging students to use SNSs to explore and apply course content.

Keywords: social networking sites, academic stressors, academic motivation, college students

References

Al-Menayes, J. J. (2015). Social media use, engagement and addiction as predictors of academic performance. International Journal of Psychological Studies7(4), 86-94.

Alharbi, E., & Smith, A. (2018). A literature review on stress and well-being among international students in English-speaking countries. International Education Studies11(5), 22–44.

Ali, I., Danaee, M., & Firdaus, A. (2020). Social networking sites usage & needs scale (SNSUN): a new instrument for measuring social networking sites’ usage patterns and needs. Journal of Information and Telecommunication4(2), 151-174.

Alsulami, S., Al Omar, Z., Binnwejim, M. S., Alhamdan, F., Aldrees, A., Al-Bawardi, A., … & Alhabeeb, M. (2018). Perception of academic stress among health science preparatory program students in two Saudi universities. Advances in medical education and practice, 159-164.

Amrai, K., Motlagh, S. E., Zalani, H. A., & Parhon, H. (2011). The relationship between academic motivation and academic achievement students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences15, 399-402.

Ashraf, M. A., Khan, M. N., Chohan, S. R., Khan, M., Rafique, W., Farid, M. F., & Khan, A. U. (2021, September). Social Media Improves Students’ Academic Performance: Exploring the Role of Social Media Adoption in the Open Learning Environment among International Medical Students in China. In Healthcare (Vol. 9, No. 10, p. 1272). MDPI.

Astatke, M., Weng, C., & Chen, S. (2021). A literature review of the effects of social networking sites on secondary school student’s academic achievement. Interactive Learning Environments, pp. 1–17.

Azizi, S. M., Soroush, A., & Khatony, A. (2019). The relationship between social networking addiction and academic performance in Iranian students of medical sciences: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychology7(1), 1–8.

Barbayannis, G., Bandari, M., Zheng, X., Baquerizo, H., Pecor, K., & Ming, X. (2022). Academic stress and mental well-being in college students: correlations, affected groups, and COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 2464.

Barton, B. A., Adams, K. S., Browne, B. L., & Arrastia-Chisholm, M. C. (2021). The effects of social media usage on attention, motivation, and academic performance. Active Learning in Higher Education22(1), 11–22.

Beilock, S. (2011). Back to school: Dealing with academic stress. Psychological Science Agenda25(9), 1–5.

Boateng, R., & Amankwaa, A. (2016). The impact of social media on student academic life in higher education. Global Journal of Human-Social Science16(4), 1-8.

Bottaro, R., & Faraci, P. (2022). The Use of Social Networking Sites and Its Impact on Adolescents’ Emotional Well-Being: A Scoping Review. Current Addiction Reports9(4), 518-539.

Britt, T. W., Sy, T., & Wagner, A. D. (2017). Explaining the relationships between workload, work-family conflict, and well-being: The role of cognitive appraisal. Stress and Health, 33(4), 450–460.

Burke, M., Marlow, C., & Lento, T. (2010, April). Social network activity and social well-being. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1909-1912).

Cañabate, D., Gras, M. E., Serra, T., & Colomer, J. (2021). Cooperative Approaches and Academic Motivation towards Enhancing Pre-Service Teachers’ Achievement. Education Sciences11(11), 705.

Cao, X., Masood, A., Luqman, A., & Ali, A. (2018). Excessive use of mobile social networking sites and poor academic performance: Antecedents and consequences from stressor-strain-outcome perspective. Computers in Human Behavior85, 163-174.

Cetin, B. (2015). Academic motivation and approaches to learning in predicting college students’ academic achievement: Findings from Turkish and U.S. samples. Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC)12(2), 141–150.

Chen, M., & Xiao, X. (2022). The effect of social media on the development of students’ affective variables. Frontiers in Psychology, p. 13.

Chukwuere, J. E. (2021). Understanding the Impacts of Social Media Platforms on Students’ Academic Learning Progress. Online Submission11(9), 2671-2677.

Deci, E. L. (1975). Intrinsic motivation. New York: Plenum Press.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York, NY: Plenum Press.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2002). An overview of self-determination theory: Organismic-dialectical perspective. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3-33). Rochester, NY: The University of Rochester Press.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2002). An overview of self-determination theory: Organismic-dialectical perspective. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3-33). Rochester, NY: The University of Rochester Press.

Deci, E.L. & Ryan, R.M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum Press.

Doleck, T., & Lajoie, S. (2018). Social networking and academic performance: A review. Education and Information Technologies23, 435-465.

Ekpenyong, C. E., Daniel, N. E., & Aribo, E. O. (2013). Associations between academic stressors, reaction to stress, coping strategies and musculoskeletal disorders among college students. Ethiopian Journal of health sciences23(2), 98-112.

Elhai, J. D., Dvorak, R. D., Levine, J. C., & Hall, B. J. (2017). Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology. Journal of affective disorders, 207, 251-259.

Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook “friends:” Social capital and college students use of online social network sites. Journal of computer‐mediated communication12(4), 1143-1168.

Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2011). Connection strategies: Social capital implications of Facebook-enabled communication practices. New Media & Society, 13(6), 873-892.

Ganster, D. C., Fusilier, M. R., & Mayes, B. T. (2021). Role stress, family stress, and work-family conflict: The moderating effect of gender. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(1), 61-78.

Glynn, S. M., Taasoobshirazi, G., & Brickman, P. (2015). Science Motivation Questionnaire II: Validation with science majors and nonscience majors. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 52(6), 843–867.

Gok, T. (2016). The Effects of Social Networking Sites on Students’ Studying and Habits. International Journal of Research in Education and Science2(1), 85–93.

Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M. (1987). Autonomy in children’s learning: An experimental and individual difference investigation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(5), 890-898.

Gulzar, M. A., Ahmad, M., Hassan, M., & Rasheed, M. I. (2022). How social media use is related to student engagement and creativity: investigating through the lens of intrinsic motivation. Behavior & Information Technology41(11), 2283–2293.

Hew, K. F., Cheung, W. S., & Ng, C. S. L. (2016). Student contribution in asynchronous online discussions: A review of the research and empirical exploration. Instructional Science, 44(4), 365-391.

Hidi, S., & Renninger, K. A. (2006). The four-phase model of interest development. Educational psychologist, 41(2), 111-127.

Hu, H., & Luo, H. (2021). Academic motivation among senior students majoring in rehabilitation-related professions in China. BMC Medical Education21(1), 1-8.

Hudd, S. S., Dumlao, J., Erdmann-Sager, D., Murray, D., Phan, E., Soukas, N., & Yokozuka, N. (2000). Stress at college: Effects on health habits, health status, and self-esteem. College Student Journal, 34(2), 217–227.

Karpinski, A. C., Kirschner, P. A., Ozer, I., Mellott, J. A., & Ochwo, P. (2013). An exploration of social networking site use, multitasking, and academic performance among United States and European university students. Computers in Human Behavior29(3), 1182-1192.

Kolhar, M., Kazi, R. N. A., & Alameen, A. (2021). Effect of social media use on learning, social interactions, and sleep duration among university students. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences28(4), 2216-2222.

Kolhar, M., Kazi, R. N. A., & Alameen, A. (2021). Effect of social media use on learning, social interactions, and sleep duration among university students. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences28(4), 2216-2222.

Kotera, Y., Taylor, E., Fido, D., Williams, D., & Tsuda-McCaie, F. (2021). The motivation of U.K. graduate students in education: Self-compassion moderates the pathway from extrinsic motivation to intrinsic motivation. Current Psychology, pp. 1–14.

Kross, E., Verduyn, P., Demiralp, E., Park, J., Lee, D. S., Lin, N., … & Ybarra, O. (2019). Facebook use predicts declines in subjective well-being in young adults. PloS one, 14(5), e0217745.

Kusurkar, R. A., Ten Cate, T. J., Vos, C. M., Westers, P., & Croiset, G. (2013). How motivation affects academic performance: a structural equation modelling analysis. Advances in health sciences education, 18(1), 57-69.

Lavanya, R., & Karthikeyan, P. (2016). A study on the usage of social networking sites among college students with reference to Erode District. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities6(6), 1230-1240.

Lin, S. H., & Huang, Y. C. (2014). Life stress and academic burnout. Active Learning in Higher Education15(1), 77-90.

Malak, M. Z., Shuhaiber, A. H., Al-amer, R. M., Abuadas, M. H., & Aburoomi, R. J. (2022). Correlation between psychological factors, academic performance, and social media addiction: model-based testing. Behavior & Information Technology41(8), 1583-1595.

Manzano-Sánchez, D., Gómez-Mármol, A., Conte Marín, L., Jiménez-Parra, J. F., & Valero-Valenzuela, A. (2021). Future academic expectations and their relationship with motivation, satisfaction of psychological needs, responsibility, and school social climate: Gender and educational stage. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health18(9), 4558.

Muza, S. H., & Muhammad, S. (2020). Academic stress and academic motivation among undergraduate students of Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero Kebbi state, Nigeria. Journal DOI6(12).

Olcaret, V. (2021). Impact of academic intrinsic motivation facets on students’ academic performance. Master’s Thesis. Doi 10.13140/RG.2.2.16764.46723.

Pascoe, M. C., Hetrick, S. E., & Parker, A. G. (2020). The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth25(1), 104–112.

Pekrun, R., Elliot, A. J., & Maier, M. A. (2009). Achievement goals and achievement emotions: Testing a model of their joint relations with academic performance. Journal of Educational Psychology101(1), 115.

Pew Research Center (2018). Social Media Use. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/03/01/social-media-use-in-2018/ . Retrieved on April 27, 2023.

Raacke, J., & Bonds-Raacke, J. (2008). MySpace and Facebook: Applying the uses and gratifications theory to exploring friend-networking sites. Cyberpsychology & behavior11(2), 169-174.

Ratelle, C. F., Guay, F., Vallerand, R. J., Larose, S., & Sene´cal, C. (2007). Autonomous, controlled, and amotivated types of academic motivation: A person-oriented analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99(4), 734– 746.

Reeve, J. (2012). A self-determination theory perspective on student engagement. In Handbook of Research on student engagement (pp. 149–172). Springer, Boston, MA.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary educational psychology, 25(1), 54–67.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist55(1), 68.

Singh, V., & Malik, V. (2021). Impact of Social Media on Learning Motivation. Current Trends in Information Technology; 11(1): 1-5p.

Statista Research Department (March 15, 2023). Social media in the Philippines-statistics & facts. Retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/topics/6759/social-media-usage-in-the-philippines/#topicOverview on April 27, 2023.

Steinmayr, R., Weidinger, A. F., Schwinger, M., & Spinath, B. (2019). The importance of students’ motivation for their academic achievement–replicating and extending previous findings. Frontiers in Psychology10, 1730.

Steinmayr, R., Weidinger, A. F., Schwinger, M., & Spinath, B. (2019). The importance of students’ motivation for their academic achievement–replicating and extending previous findings. Frontiers in Psychology10, 1730.

Tafesse, W. (2020). The effect of social networking site use on college student’s academic performance: The mediating role of student engagement. Education and Information Technologiespp. 25, 4747–4763.

Tafesse, W. (2022). Social networking sites use and college students’ academic performance: testing for an inverted U-shaped relationship using automated mobile app usage data. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education19(1), 1–17.

Terada, Y. (2018). The Science Behind Student Stress. George Lucas Educational Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.edutopia.org/article/science-behind-student-stress  on April 27, 2023.

Thoene, W. S. (2012). The impact of social networking sites on college students’ consumption patterns.

Tus, J. (2020). Academic stress, academic motivation, and its relationship on the academic performance of the senior high school students. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies8(11), 29–37.

Valenzuela, S., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2009). Is there social capital in a social network site?: Facebook use and college students’ life satisfaction, trust, and participation. Journal of computer-mediated communication14(4), 875-901.

Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., Blais, M. R., Briere, N. M., Senecal, C., & Vallieres, E. F. (1992). The Academic Motivation Scale: A measure of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 1003–1017.

Vallerand, R.J., & Bissonnette, R. (1992). Intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivational styles as predictors of behavior: A prospective study. Journal of Personality, 60(3), 599-620.

Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 29, pp. 271-360). Academic Press.

Vansteenkiste, M., Simons, J., Lens, W., Soenens, B., & Matos, L. (2009). Examining the motivational impact of intrinsic versus extrinsic goal framing and autonomy-supportive versus internally controlling communication style on early adolescents’ academic achievement. Child Development, 80(2), 567-580.

Vu, T., Magis-Weinberg, L., Jansen, B. R., van Atteveldt, N., Janssen, T. W., Lee, N. C., … & Meeter, M. (2022). Motivation-achievement cycles in learning: A literature review and research agenda. Educational Psychology Review34(1), 39-71.

Weinstein, A. M. (2022). Problematic Social Networking Site use-effects on mental health and the Brain. Frontiers in Psychiatry13.

Wu, W., Liu, D., & Huang, J. (2020). Gratifications, flow experience, and subjective well-being on social networking sites: The mediating role of social support. Frontiers in Psychology

Yang, C., Chen, A., & Chen, Y. (2021). College students’ stress and health in the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of academic workload, separation from school, and fears of contagion. PloS one16(2), e0246676.

Yang, M., Viladrich, C., & Cruz, J. (2022). Examining the relationship between academic stress and motivation toward physical education within a semester: A two-wave study with Chinese secondary school students. Frontiers in Psychology13.

Yang, M., Viladrich, C., & Cruz, J. (2022). Examining the relationship between academic stress and motivation toward physical education within a semester: A two-wave study with Chinese secondary school students. Frontiers in Psychology13.

Yikealo, D., Tareke, W., & Karvinen, I. (2018). The level of stress among college students: A case in the college of education, Eritrea Institute of Technology. Open Science Journal3(4).

Zhang, X., Gao, F., Kang, Z., Zhou, H., Zhang, J., Li, J., … & Liu, B. (2022). Perceived academic stress and depression: the mediation role of mobile phone addiction and sleep quality. Frontiers in Public Health10, 66.

Cite this article:

Guillena, J.B. (2023). The Effects of Social Networking Sites Needs and Academic Stressors on Academic Motivation of College Students. International Journal of Educational Management and Development Studies, 4 (2), 138-169. https://doi.org/10.53378/352992

License:

ai generated, holographic, interface-8578468.jpg
library, people, study-2245807.jpg
bookshelf, books, library-2907964.jpg
Scroll to Top