Institute of Industry and Academic Research Incorporated
Register in
IJEMDS Cover Page
International Journal of Educational Management & Development Studies

ISSN 2719-0633 (Print) 2719-0641 (Online)

h-index: 11

ICV: 78.5

Online learning expectations among engineering students: Analyzing pre-determined factors in the implementation of flexible learning

Angela L. Reginaldo & Delon A. Ching
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2021

Academic institutions shifted to a new model of teaching and learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To study the gradual implementation of synchronous and asynchronous learning considering its flexible schedule to engineering students in one state university in Laguna, this research paper determined the students’ expectations on the pre-determined factors in online learning. The descriptive research design used a standardized instrument answered by 30 computer engineering and 55 electronics and communication engineering students of the academic year 2020-2021. The study revealed that both groups of engineering students have a high level of online learning expectations as to proficiency with technology, the capability of the course instructor, delivery of the course content, setting social interaction, ensuring course organization, and realizing time management and convenience. This supports that there is no significant difference between the expectation levels of engineering students to study online. Further, there is a significant positive relationship between and among the pre-determined factors in implementing flexible learning. However, no significant relationship is depicted on proficiency with technology to the capability of the course instructor, delivery of the course content, and course organization. The result served as a guide to the institution to ensure an organized policy designed toward smooth implementation of flexible learning and examine pre-determined expectations that can be satisfied.

flexible learning, synchronous learning, asynchronous learning, online learning

Angela L. Reginaldo. Corresponding author. Assistant Professor IV, Laguna State Polytechnic University- San Pablo City, Campus

Delon A. Ching. Instructor I, Laguna State Polytechnic University- San Pablo City, Campus

Aguilera-Hermida, A. P. (2020). College students’ use and acceptance of emergency online learning due to COVID-19. International Journal of Educational Research Open1, 100011.

Ahmad, S., Batool, A., & Ch, A. H. (2020). Path relationship of time management and academic achievement of students in distance learning institutions. Pakistan Journal of Distance and Online Learning5(2).

Andrade, M. S., & Alden-Rivers, B. (2019). Developing a framework for sustainable growth of flexible learning opportunities. Higher Education Pedagogies4(1), 1-16.

Apuke, O. D., & Iyendo, T. O. (2018). University students’ usage of the internet resources for research and learning: forms of access and perceptions of utility. Heliyon4(12), e01052.

Armstrong-Mensah, E., Ramsey-White, K., Yankey, B., & Self-Brown, S. (2020). COVID-19 and distance learning: Effects on Georgia State University school of public health students. Frontiers in Public Health8, 547.

Azhar, K. A., & Iqbal, N. (2018). Effectiveness of Google classroom: Teachers’ perceptions. Prizren Social Science Journal2(2), 52-66.

Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to online education in schools during a SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research5(4).

Batez, M. (2021). ICT skills of university students from the faculty of sport and physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability13(4), 1711.

Baticulon, R. E., Sy, J. J., Alberto, N. R. I., Baron, M. B. C., Mabulay, R. E. C., Rizada, L. G. T., … & Reyes, J. C. B. (2021). Barriers to online learning in the time of COVID-19: A national survey of medical students in the Philippines. Medical science educator31(2), 615-626.

Benade, L. (2019). Flexible learning spaces: Inclusive by design?. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies54(1), 53-68.

Bhamani, S., Makhdoom, A. Z., Bharuchi, V., Ali, N., Kaleem, S., & Ahmed, D. (2020). Home learning in times of COVID: Experiences of parents. Journal of Education and Educational Development7(1), 9-26.

Blackmon, S. J., & Major, C. (2012). Student Experiences in Online Courses A Qualitative Research Synthesis. Quarterly Review of Distance Education13(2).

Broadbent, J., & Lodge, J. (2021). Use of live chat in higher education to support self-regulated help seeking behaviours: a comparison of online and blended learner perspectives. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education18(1), 1-20.

Callo, E. C., & Yazon, A. D. (2020). Exploring the factors influencing the readiness of faculty and students on online teaching and learning as an alternative delivery mode for the new normal. Universal Journal of Educational Research8(8), 3509-3518.

Chandra, Y. (2020). Online education during COVID-19: perception of academic stress and emotional intelligence coping strategies among college students. Asian education and development studies.

Chen, W., Sanderson, N. C., & Kessel, S. (2018). Making learning materials accessible in higher education—attitudes among technology faculty members. Studies in health technology and informatics256, 87-97.

Cicha, K., Rizun, aM., Rutecka, P., & Strzelecki, A. (2021). COVID-19 and higher education: first-year students’ expectations toward distance learning. Sustainability13(4), 1889.

Coman, C., Țîru, L. G., Meseșan-Schmitz, L., Stanciu, C., & Bularca, M. C. (2020). Online teaching and learning in higher education during the coronavirus pandemic: students’ perspective. Sustainability12(24), 10367.

Cortes, S. T. (2020). Flexible Learning as an Instructional Modality in Environmental Science Course during COVID-19. Aquademia4(2), ep20024.

Dhawan, S. (2020). Online learning: A panacea in the time of COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Educational Technology Systems49(1), 5-22.

El Firdoussi, S., Lachgar, M., Kabaili, H., Rochdi, A., Goujdami, D., & El Firdoussi, L. (2020). Assessing distance learning in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education Research International2020.

Ferri, F., Grifoni, P., & Guzzo, T. (2020). Online learning and emergency remote teaching: Opportunities and challenges in emergency situations. Societies10(4), 86.

Francisco, C. (2020). Effectiveness of an online classroom for flexible learning. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research (IJAMR)4(8), 100-107.

Gillett-Swan, J. (2017). The challenges of online learning: Supporting and engaging the isolated learner. Journal of Learning Design10(1), 20-30.

Gopal, R., Singh, V., & Aggarwal, A. (2021). Impact of online classes on the satisfaction and performance of students during the pandemic period of COVID 19. Education and Information Technologies, 1-25.

Harris, S. M., Larrier, Y. I., & Castano-Bishop, M. (2011). Development of the student expectations of online learning survey (SEOLS): A pilot study. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration14(4), 6.

Heerwegh, D., De Wit, K., & Verhoeven, J. (2016). Exploring the self-reported ICT skill levels of undergraduate science students. Journal of Information Technology Education15(2016), 19-47.

Huang, R. H., Liu, D. J., Tlili, A., Yang, J. F., & Wang, H. H. (2020). Handbook on facilitating flexible learning during educational disruption: The Chinese experience in maintaining undisrupted learning in COVID-19 outbreak. Beijing: Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, 1-54.

Ishmael, K., Heiser, R., & Payne, J. (2020). Pandemic Planning for Distance Learning: Scenarios and Considerations for PreK-12 Education Leaders. New America.

Jibrin, M. A., Musa, M. N., & Shittu, T. (2017). Effects of internet on the academic performance of tertiary institutions’ students in Niger State, Nigeria. Int J Edu Learn Train2(2), 57-69.

Joan, D. R. (2013). Flexible Learning as New Learning Design in Classroom Process to Promote Quality Education. Journal on School Educational Technology9(1), 37-42.

Joaquin, J. J. B., Biana, H. T., & Dacela, M. A. (2020, October). The Philippine higher education sector in the time of COVID-19. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 5, p. 208). Frontiers.

Kariippanon, K. E., Cliff, D. P., Lancaster, S. L., Okely, A. D., & Parrish, A. M. (2018). Perceived interplay between flexible learning spaces and teaching, learning and student wellbeing. Learning Environments Research21(3), 301-320.

Khan, M. A., Nabi, M. K., Khojah, M., & Tahir, M. (2021). Students’ perception towards e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic in India: An empirical study. Sustainability13(1), 57.

Kocdar, S., Karadeniz, A., Bozkurt, A., & Buyuk, K. (2018). Measuring self-regulation in self-paced open and distance learning environments. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning19(1).

Kokoç, M. (2019). Flexibility in e-Learning: Modelling Its Relation to Behavioural Engagement and Academic Performance. Themes in eLearning12(12), 1-16.

Lebenicnik, M., Pitt, I., & Istenic Starcic, A. (2015). Use of online learning resources in the development of learning environments at the intersection of formal and informal learning. The student as autonomous designer. ceps Journal5(2), 95-113.

Liesa-Orús, M., Latorre-Cosculluela, C., Vázquez-Toledo, S., & Sierra-Sánchez, V. (2020). The technological challenge facing higher education professors: Perceptions of ICT tools for developing 21st century skills. Sustainability12(13), 5339.

Mahyoob, M. (2020). Challenges of e-Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic Experienced by EFL Learners. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)11(4).

Manu, J., & Mensah, E. (2015). International Students and Their Technology Proficiency. In Promoting global literacy skills through technology-infused teaching and learning (pp. 135-146). IGI Global.

Martin, F., Budhrani, K., & Wang, C. (2019). Examining Faculty Perception of Their Readiness to Teach Online. Online Learning23(3), 97-119.

McGinnis, K. (2020). Teachers’ Essential Guide to Google Classroom. Common Sense Education.

Miertschin, S. L., Goodson, C. E., & Stewart, B. L. (2015, June). Time management skills and student performance in online courses. In 2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition (pp. 26-1585).

Mpofu, B. (2016). University students use of computers and mobile devices for learning and their reading speed on different platforms. Universal Journal of Educational Research4(4), 926-932.

Müller, C., Stahl, M., Alder, M., & Müller, M. (2018). Learning Effectiveness and Students’ Perceptions in a Flexible Learning Course. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-learning21(2), 44-52.

Naidu, S. (2017). How flexible is flexible learning, who is to decide and what are its implications?.

Naji, K. K., Du, X., Tarlochan, F., Ebead, U., Hasan, M. A., & Al-Ali, A. K. (2020). Engineering Students’ Readiness to Transition to Emergency Online Learning in Response to COVID-19: Case of Qatar. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education16(10).

Oguguo, B. C., Okeke, A. O., Dave-Ugwu, P. O., Ocheni, C. A., Ugorji, C. O., Nwoji, I. H. N., & Ike, I. C. (2020). Assessment of ICT Skills Relevant for Effective Learning Possessed by Undergraduate Students at University of Nigeria. International Journal of Higher Education9(4), 206-215.

Raitzer, D., Lavado, R. F., & Rabajante, J. (2020). Cost–Benefit Analysis of Face-to-Face Closure of Schools to Control COVID-19 in the Philippines.

Raja, R., & Nagasubramani, P. C. (2018). Impact of modern technology in education. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research3(1), 33-35.

Rapanta, C., Botturi, L., Goodyear, P., Guàrdia, L., & Koole, M. (2020). Online university teaching during and after the Covid-19 crisis: Refocusing teacher presence and learning activity. Postdigital Science and Education2(3), 923-945.

Santelli, B., Robertson, S. N., Larson, E. K., & Humphrey, S. (2020). Procrastination and Delayed Assignment Submissions: Student and Faculty Perceptions of Late Point Policy and Grace within an Online Learning Environment. Online Learning24(3), 35-49.

Sarmiento, P. J. D., Sarmiento, C. L. T., & Tolentino, R. L. B. (2021). Face-to-face classes during COVID-19: a call for deliberate and well-planned school health protocols in the Philippine context. Journal of Public Health43(2), e305-e306.

Schaffhauser, D. (2020). Updated: Free resources for schools during COVID-19 outbreak. The Journal13.

Shaharanee, I. N. M., Jamil, J. M., & Rodzi, S. S. M. (2016). The application of Google Classroom as a tool for teaching and learning. Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering (JTEC)8(10), 5-8.

Tarrayo, V. N., Paz, R. M. O., & Gepila Jr, E. C. (2021). The shift to flexible learning amidst the pandemic: the case of English language teachers in a Philippine state university. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1-14.

UNICEF. (2020). Guidance on Distance Learning Modalities to Reach All Children and Youth During School Closures-Focusing on low-and no-tech modalities to reach the most marginalized.

Vargo, D., Zhu, L., Benwell, B., & Yan, Z. (2021). Digital technology use during COVID‐19 pandemic: A rapid review. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies3(1), 13-24.

Verhoeven, J. C., Heerwegh, D., & De Wit, K. (2012). First year university students’ self-perception of ICT skills: Do learning styles matter?. Education and Information Technologies17(1), 109-133.

Widodo, S. F. A., Wibowo, Y. E., & Wagiran, W. (2020, December). Online learning readiness during the Covid-19 pandemic. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1700, No. 1, p. 012033). IOP Publishing.

Cite this article:

Reginaldo, A.L. & Ching, D.A. (2021). Online learning expectations among engineering students: Analyzing pre-determined factors in the implementation of flexible learning. International Journal of Educational Management and Development Studies, 2(4), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.53378/352076

License:

ai generated, holographic, interface-8578468.jpg
library, people, study-2245807.jpg
bookshelf, books, library-2907964.jpg
Scroll to Top